(1493 - 1541)
Paracelsus was an all-round scientist specialized in Alchemy, which he named Spagyricus. Born Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, he revolutionized medicine by introducing chemical compounds and minerals as treatments. He emphasized the healing power of nature and rejected the prevailing medical theories based on the four humours. He is considered the father of toxicology.